旋转器（Spinners）

Bootstrap 的旋转器（spinners）用于指示组件或页面的加载状态，该组件是纯粹使用 HTML 和 CSS 实现的，没有任何 JavaScript 代码。

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关于

Bootstrap 的旋转器（spinners）组件可用于显示项目的加载状态。该组件是纯粹使用 HTML 和 CSS 实现的，这意味着你无需使用任何 JavaScript 代码来创建它们。不过，你可能需要自己写一些 JavaScript 代码来切换该组件的可见性。该组件的外观、对齐和尺寸可以通过我们提供的工具类来轻松地自定义。

出于对无障碍（accessibility）的支持，这里的每个旋转器都设置了 role="status" 属性并嵌套了 <span class="visually-hidden">Loading...</span> 代码。

The animation effect of this component is dependent on the prefers-reduced-motion media query. See the reduced motion section of our accessibility documentation.

环状旋转器（Border spinner）

使用环状旋转器（border spinner）作为轻量级的加载指示器。

html

<div class="spinner-border" role="status">
  <span class="visually-hidden">Loading...</span>
</div>

颜色

环状旋转器（border spinner）使用 currentColor 来设置其 border-color，这意味着你可以使用文本颜色工具类来自定义其颜色。你可以将任何文本颜色工具类应用到标准的旋转器（spinner）上。

html

<div class="spinner-border text-primary" role="status">
  <span class="visually-hidden">Loading...</span>
</div>
<div class="spinner-border text-secondary" role="status">
  <span class="visually-hidden">Loading...</span>
</div>
<div class="spinner-border text-success" role="status">
  <span class="visually-hidden">Loading...</span>
</div>
<div class="spinner-border text-danger" role="status">
  <span class="visually-hidden">Loading...</span>
</div>
<div class="spinner-border text-warning" role="status">
  <span class="visually-hidden">Loading...</span>
</div>
<div class="spinner-border text-info" role="status">
  <span class="visually-hidden">Loading...</span>
</div>
<div class="spinner-border text-light" role="status">
  <span class="visually-hidden">Loading...</span>
</div>
<div class="spinner-border text-dark" role="status">
  <span class="visually-hidden">Loading...</span>
</div>

为什么不使用 border-color 工具类呢？ 因为每个环状旋转器（ border spinner）至少为一个侧边设置了 transparent （透明）边框，而 .border-{color} 工具类将会覆盖该设置。

增长式旋转器（Growing spinner）

如果你不喜欢环状旋转器（border spinner），可以试试增长式旋转器（ grow spinner）。虽然从技术来说它不是在旋转，但它是反复由小变大的！

html

<div class="spinner-grow" role="status">
  <span class="visually-hidden">Loading...</span>
</div>

同样，这个旋转器也是使用 currentColor 来设置其 border-color 的，因此你可以使用文本颜色工具类轻松更改其外观。以下示例是一个蓝色的，还附上了其它可供选择的颜色。

html

<div class="spinner-grow text-primary" role="status">
  <span class="visually-hidden">Loading...</span>
</div>
<div class="spinner-grow text-secondary" role="status">
  <span class="visually-hidden">Loading...</span>
</div>
<div class="spinner-grow text-success" role="status">
  <span class="visually-hidden">Loading...</span>
</div>
<div class="spinner-grow text-danger" role="status">
  <span class="visually-hidden">Loading...</span>
</div>
<div class="spinner-grow text-warning" role="status">
  <span class="visually-hidden">Loading...</span>
</div>
<div class="spinner-grow text-info" role="status">
  <span class="visually-hidden">Loading...</span>
</div>
<div class="spinner-grow text-light" role="status">
  <span class="visually-hidden">Loading...</span>
</div>
<div class="spinner-grow text-dark" role="status">
  <span class="visually-hidden">Loading...</span>
</div>

对齐

Bootstrap 中的旋转器（Spinner）使用 rem 作为单位来设置其尺寸、使用currentColor 来定义其颜色、使用 display: inline-flex 设置其布局。这意味着我们可以轻松地调整其尺寸、颜色，并可以快速对齐。

外边距（margin）

可以使用类似 .m-5 的外边距（margin）工具类来添加间距。

html

<div class="spinner-border m-5" role="status">
  <span class="visually-hidden">Loading...</span>
</div>

Placement

通过使用 flexbox 工具类、浮动（float）工具类或文本对齐工具类可以在任何情况下将旋转器（spinner）放置到需要的位置上。

Flex

html

<div class="d-flex justify-content-center">
  <div class="spinner-border" role="status">
    <span class="visually-hidden">Loading...</span>
  </div>
</div>

Loading...

html

<div class="d-flex align-items-center">
  <strong>Loading...</strong>
  <div class="spinner-border ms-auto" role="status" aria-hidden="true"></div>
</div>

Floats

html

<div class="clearfix">
  <div class="spinner-border float-end" role="status">
    <span class="visually-hidden">Loading...</span>
  </div>
</div>

文本对齐

html

<div class="text-center">
  <div class="spinner-border" role="status">
    <span class="visually-hidden">Loading...</span>
  </div>
</div>

尺寸

通过添加 .spinner-border-sm 和 .spinner-grow-sm 类可以让旋转器（spinner）变得更小，以便在其它组件中使用。

html

<div class="spinner-border spinner-border-sm" role="status">
  <span class="visually-hidden">Loading...</span>
</div>
<div class="spinner-grow spinner-grow-sm" role="status">
  <span class="visually-hidden">Loading...</span>
</div>

或者，根据需要自己编写 CSS 或添加内联样式来更改旋转器（spinner）的尺寸。

html

<div class="spinner-border" style="width: 3rem; height: 3rem;" role="status">
  <span class="visually-hidden">Loading...</span>
</div>
<div class="spinner-grow" style="width: 3rem; height: 3rem;" role="status">
  <span class="visually-hidden">Loading...</span>
</div>

按钮

在按钮中使用旋转器（spinners）来指示当前正在处理或正在进行的操作。还可以将旋转器（spinner）中包含的（提示性）文字去掉并使用按钮中包含的文字作为提示性信息。

html

<button class="btn btn-primary" type="button" disabled>
  <span class="spinner-border spinner-border-sm" role="status" aria-hidden="true"></span>
  <span class="visually-hidden">Loading...</span>
</button>
<button class="btn btn-primary" type="button" disabled>
  <span class="spinner-border spinner-border-sm" role="status" aria-hidden="true"></span>
  Loading...
</button>

html

<button class="btn btn-primary" type="button" disabled>
  <span class="spinner-grow spinner-grow-sm" role="status" aria-hidden="true"></span>
  <span class="visually-hidden">Loading...</span>
</button>
<button class="btn btn-primary" type="button" disabled>
  <span class="spinner-grow spinner-grow-sm" role="status" aria-hidden="true"></span>
  Loading...
</button>

CSS

变量

Added in v5.2.0

As part of Bootstrap’s evolving CSS variables approach, spinners now use local CSS variables on .spinner-border and .spinner-grow for enhanced real-time customization. Values for the CSS variables are set via Sass, so Sass customization is still supported, too.

Border spinner variables:

  --#{$prefix}spinner-width: #{$spinner-width};
  --#{$prefix}spinner-height: #{$spinner-height};
  --#{$prefix}spinner-vertical-align: #{$spinner-vertical-align};
  --#{$prefix}spinner-border-width: #{$spinner-border-width};
  --#{$prefix}spinner-animation-speed: #{$spinner-animation-speed};
  --#{$prefix}spinner-animation-name: spinner-border;

Growing spinner variables:

  --#{$prefix}spinner-width: #{$spinner-width};
  --#{$prefix}spinner-height: #{$spinner-height};
  --#{$prefix}spinner-vertical-align: #{$spinner-vertical-align};
  --#{$prefix}spinner-animation-speed: #{$spinner-animation-speed};
  --#{$prefix}spinner-animation-name: spinner-grow;

For both spinners, small spinner modifier classes are used to update the values of these CSS variables as needed. For example, the .spinner-border-sm class does the following:

  --#{$prefix}spinner-width: #{$spinner-width-sm};
  --#{$prefix}spinner-height: #{$spinner-height-sm};
  --#{$prefix}spinner-border-width: #{$spinner-border-width-sm};

Sass variables

$spinner-width:           2rem;
$spinner-height:          $spinner-width;
$spinner-vertical-align:  -.125em;
$spinner-border-width:    .25em;
$spinner-animation-speed: .75s;

$spinner-width-sm:        1rem;
$spinner-height-sm:       $spinner-width-sm;
$spinner-border-width-sm: .2em;

Keyframes

Used for creating the CSS animations for our spinners. Included in scss/_spinners.scss.

@keyframes spinner-border {
  to { transform: rotate(360deg) #{"/* rtl:ignore */"}; }
}

@keyframes spinner-grow {
  0% {
    transform: scale(0);
  }
  50% {
    opacity: 1;
    transform: none;
  }
}